what are the differences features found in anuradhapura and polonnaruwa paintings?

Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa are two significant archaeological sites in Sri Lanka, known for their rich cultural heritage and ancient art forms, including paintings. Here are some of the key differences in features found in the paintings from these two ancient cities: ### Anuradhapura Paintings 1. **Historical Context**: Anuradhapura was the first capital of Sri Lanka and flourished from the 3rd century BCE to around the 10th century CE. The art from this period often reflects early Buddhist influences. 2. **Style and Technique**: The paintings in Anuradhapura are characterized by more primitive and less detailed styles, focusing heavily on religious themes, such as figures of the Buddha and Jataka tales (stories about the previous lives of the Buddha). 3. **Use of Colors**: Anuradhapura paintings often utilize natural earth tones derived from local materials, with a limited color palette compared to later periods. 4. **Iconography**: The iconography tends to be more straightforward, with emphasis on Buddhist symbols and figures, such as stupas and images of the Buddha in various postures. 5. **Location**: Many of the notable paintings can be found in rock caves, such as those at the famed caves of Dambulla, which were influenced by the early Anuradhapura style. ### Polonnaruwa Paintings 1. **Historical Context**: Polonnaruwa became the capital of Sri Lanka after Anuradhapura and flourished from the 11th to 13th centuries CE. The paintings here reflect a more evolved and sophisticated style, influenced by the Chola dynasty as well as indigenous developments. 2. **Style and Technique**: The painting style in Polonnaruwa exhibits more realism, complexity, and decorative elements. Artists employed more advanced techniques, including shading and perspective. 3. **Use of Colors**: Polonnaruwa paintings featured a broader and more vibrant color palette, with the use of richer and more intricate designs. 4. **Iconography**: There is a greater variety and dynamism in the subject matter and themes of the paintings, including not just Buddhist iconography, but also depictions of court life, flora, fauna, and cultural narratives. 5. **Location**: Notable examples include large murals in the Gal Vihara—the rock temple complex and other shrines, which demonstrate elaborate storytelling and imagery related to Buddhist teachings. ### Summary In summary, while both Anuradhapura and Polonnaruwa paintings are deeply rooted in Buddhist traditions and reflect the historical and cultural contexts of their time, Polonnaruwa's paintings tend to be more refined, detailed, and vibrant, showcasing the evolution of artistic techniques and thematic complexity over time.