summarize the key points of the paper: Xiang, Biao. 2003. "Emigration from China: A Sending Country Perspective." International Migration 41(3):21-48.

In "Emigration from China: A Sending Country Perspective," Biao Xiang analyzes the dynamics of emigration from China, focusing on the motivations and implications for both emigrants and the country as a whole. Key points of the paper include:

**Migration Trends**: The paper outlines the historical context of emigration from China, particularly noting the significant increase in migration flows since the 1980s, reflecting broader economic reforms and globalization.

**Motivations for Emigration**: Xiang explores various factors driving Chinese citizens to emigrate, including economic opportunities, educational aspirations, family reunification, and political conditions. The desire for a better quality of life is a recurring theme.

**Profiles of Emigrants**: The paper discusses the diverse demographics of Chinese emigrants, highlighting differences in age, education levels, and socioeconomic backgrounds among those who choose to leave.

**Impact on Sending Communities**: The analysis examines the consequences of emigration on local communities in China, including remittances that contribute to local economies, changes in social structures, and potential brain drain.

**Policy Perspectives**: Xiang discusses the implications of emigration for Chinese government policies, including the need for more effective governance to manage migration flows and address the challenges posed by the emigration of skilled workers.

**Conclusion**: The paper concludes that understanding emigration from the sending country perspective is essential for comprehending the complexities of migration as a phenomenon that affects both individuals and national development.

Overall, Xiang argues for a balanced view that acknowledges the positive and negative aspects of emigration and its role in shaping both the lives of individuals and the trajectory of Chinese society.