give vocabulary answers for the following words, keep the text layout the same, just add definitions: Boston Massacre- Boston Tea Party- Common Sense- Charle-s Cornwallis- Declaration of Independence- Enlightenment- First Continental Congress- Fren

Boston Massacre - A confrontation in March 1770 in which British soldiers killed five colonial civilians, escalating tensions between Britain and the American colonies. Boston Tea Party - A political protest by the Sons of Liberty in December 1773, where they dumped 342 chests of British tea into Boston Harbor to oppose the Tea Act. Common Sense - A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776 advocating for American independence from British rule, arguing that it was common sense for the colonies to break free. Charles Cornwallis - A British Army officer and colonial administrator who played a leading role in the war, most notably surrendering at Yorktown, which effectively ended the Revolutionary War. Declaration of Independence - A document adopted on July 4, 1776, declaring the thirteen American colonies independent from British rule, outlining the principles of individual rights and government by consent. Enlightenment - An intellectual movement in the 17th and 18th centuries emphasizing reason, science, and individual rights, influencing revolutionary ideas in America and Europe. First Continental Congress - A gathering of representatives from twelve of the thirteen colonies in September 1774 to organize colonial resistance to British rule and address grievances. French and Indian War - A conflict between Britain and France in North America (1754-1763) over territorial claims, ultimately leading to British dominance but significant debt that prompted increased taxation of the colonies. Patrick Henry - An American attorney and politician known for his "Give me liberty, or give me death!" speech, becoming a prominent figure in the push for independence. William Howe - A British Army officer who served as Commander-in-Chief of British forces during the early years of the Revolutionary War, leading several campaigns against the Patriots. Intolerable Acts - A series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party, aimed at suppressing dissent in the colonies. Thomas Jefferson - An American Founding Father who authored the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third President of the United States, advocating for democratic principles and individual rights. Lexington and Concord - The sites of the first military engagements of the Revolutionary War on April 19, 1775, where the "shot heard 'round the world" marked the beginning of organized conflict. John Locke - An English philosopher whose ideas on natural rights and government by consent heavily influenced American revolutionary thought, particularly regarding life, liberty, and property. Loyalists - Colonists who remained loyal to the British Crown during the American Revolutionary War, often opposing the Patriot cause and seeking reconciliation with Britain. Minutemen - Colonial militia members who were trained to be ready for combat at a minute's notice, playing a crucial role in the early battles of the American Revolution. Monopoly - Exclusive control over a commodity or service in a market, which in the colonial context often referred to British companies having sole control over certain goods, leading to discontent. Natural rights - Fundamental rights inherent to all individuals, including life, liberty, and property, as espoused by Enlightenment thinkers and articulated in the Declaration of Independence. Neutrals - Individuals or groups who did not choose a side during a conflict, particularly in the context of the Revolutionary War when some colonists opted to remain impartial. Ordered liberty - A philosophical concept advocating for a balance between individual freedom and social order, often cited in discussions of democracy and governance. Thomas Paine - An English-American political activist and author whose works, including "Common Sense" and "The American Crisis," inspired revolutionary sentiments and support for independence. Patriots - Colonists who rebelled against British control during the American Revolutionary War, advocating for independence and self-governance. Revolutionary War - The conflict from 1775 to 1783 in which the American colonies fought against British rule, leading to the establishment of the United States of America. Social contract - A theory in political philosophy suggesting that individuals consent to form a society and government, relinquishing some freedoms in exchange for protection of their rights. Stamp Act - A 1765 British law that imposed a direct tax on printed materials in the colonies, leading to widespread protest and contributing to the revolutionary movement. Proclamation of 1763 - A decree issued by Britain prohibiting colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains to stabilize relations with Native Americans, causing resentment among colonists eager for expansion. Treaty of Alliance - A 1778 agreement between the United States and France during the Revolutionary War, in which France pledged military support against Britain. Treaty of Paris (1763) - The agreement that ended the French and Indian War, leading to significant territorial gains for Britain in North America while diminishing French influence. Treaty of Paris (1783) - The agreement that formally ended the Revolutionary War, recognizing American independence and establishing borders for the new nation. George Washington - The commander of the Continental Army during the Revolutionary War and the first President of the United States, regarded as a key figure in the founding of the nation. Yorktown - The site of the decisive victory in 1781 where British General Cornwallis surrendered to American and French forces, effectively ending the Revolutionary War.