**What is meant by “recalcitrance”? (2 marks)**
Recalcitrance refers to the difficulty some substances have in breaking down or being degraded by bacteria. It means that these substances are stubborn and resistant to decay. For example, certain compounds can stay in the environment for a long time because bacteria cannot easily break them down.
**Give an example. (4 marks)**
An example of recalcitrance is **phenol**, which is a chemical