a corporate employee is regulated by which laws in pakistan?

In Pakistan, corporate employees are governed by a variety of laws that pertain to employment, labor rights, and corporate governance. Some key laws include: 1. **The Companies Act, 2017**: This law governs the registration, regulation, and management of companies in Pakistan. It outlines the responsibilities of directors, shareholders, and employees within a corporation. 2. **The Labor Laws**: Several laws encompass the rights of employees, including: - **The Industrial Relations Act, 2012**: Regulates the relationship between employers and employees, including the rights to form unions and engage in collective bargaining. - **The Factories Act, 1934**: Provides regulations concerning working conditions, safety, and health standards in factories. - **The Employment of Children Act, 1991**: Prohibits the employment of children in hazardous conditions. - **The Payment of Wages Act, 1936**: Regulates the payment of wages. 3. **The Punjab Shops and Establishment Ordinance, 1969** (and similar laws in other provinces): This law regulates working conditions in shops and commercial establishments. 4. **The Employees Old-Age Benefits Institution (EOBI) Act, 1976**: Provides social security benefits to employees, including pensions and disability benefits. 5. **The Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923**: Provides for compensation to workers who suffer from occupational diseases or injuries. 6. **The Minimum Wages Ordinance, 1961**: Establishes a framework for setting minimum wages for workers in various sectors. 7. **The Protection Against Harassment of Women at the Workplace Act, 2010**: Addresses workplace harassment and establishes mechanisms for complaints and redressal. 8. **Contract Act, 1872**: While not specific to corporate employees, this law outlines the general principles of contract law, which govern employment contracts as well. 9. **Income Tax Ordinance, 2001**: Governs the taxation of salaries and other forms of compensation. These laws ensure the rights and welfare of corporate employees while also establishing the responsibilities of employers. It's important for both employers and employees to be aware of their rights and obligations under these various laws.